Field



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 C. L. GRFELD.

HRB EXTINGUISHER.

(Model.)

,Patented Nov. 8,1881.

(Model.)

l i 2 SheetQ-V-Sheet. 2. C. L. GARFIELD.` PIVRE EXTINGUISHER.

Patented Nov. 8', 1881.

UNITED' STATES PATENT OEEICE.

cHAELEs L. GARFIELD, or ALBANY, NEW YORK.

.FIREExTlNeulsHi-:a

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 249,236, dated November 8, 1881. Application filed January 7, 1881. (Model.) -V

had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure l represents an elevation of the apparatus complete; Fig. 2, a longitudinal vertical section ofthe furnace in which the fireextinguishing gases are evolved and liberated; Fig. 3, a cross-section taken through the furnace onthe line x ai, Fig. 2, Fig. 4, a similar section taken on the line y y, same -gure; and Fig. 5, a' similar section taken 4on the line e z, same figure.

Similar letters of reference in the several iigures denote the same parts.

This invention relates -to that class of tireextinguishers which employ gases as the extinguishing agent instead of liquids, and it has particular relation to those apparatuses which are adapted to the deoxygenation of atmospheric air by the combustion of carbonaceous materials in afurnace, and which are-supplied with means for conveying or forcing the deoxygenated air to the fireto be extinguished, or to storing tanks or reservoirs for future use.

The invention has for its object lthe utilization of hydrocarbon oils, or other iniiam mable liquids, in the process of deoxygenating the air; audit consists in a novelapparatus for accomplishing said object, which I will now proceed to describe.

In the drawings, Arepresents the furnace in which the deoxygenatiou of the air is effected.

Itis provided with three combustion-chambers, B U D, whichare preferably 1inedwith soap-` stone, lava, graphite, fire-brick` orI other material adapted to resist a high degree of heat. The wall B'of the lower chamber, as well as the outer casing of the furnace opposite said wall, is pierced with a series of radial holes or perforations, b, for the admission ofexternal air into said chamber, and a series of perforations, e, are made through an external ring, E, which surrounds the lower portiouof the second combustion-chamber, andlikewise through the casing and lining of said chamber, for the admission of external air to that chamber also.

perforated wall or partition, F, is located between the second and third chambers, and the tlird chamber, D, is provided with a transverse wall or partition, D', which extends nearly to its side Walls, leaving only anarrow passage, as shown in Fig 2. y The top G of the furnace is preferably coneshaped, and to it is connected a pipe, H, which passes through a water-tank, I, or other cooler, and thence to a suction and forciu g fan-blower, J, provided with an exit or discharge pipe, k. Below the furnace is arranged a chamber or receptacle, L, containing hydrocarbon oil or other liquid fuel, and kept supplied from an.

elevated reservoir, M, or otherwise, and extending-upward from this oil-receptacle', and through the bottom. of the furnace into. the lower part of chamber B are a number of small tubes, l, each of which is provided lat its upper end with a tip or nozzle, l', of small bore.

Immediately over the tips of the oil` tubes-are arrangedthe tips n ot' a. series of air-pipes, n, that connect with a main air-pipe, N, leading from a fan-blower, O, as shown in Fig. l. The fan-blowers J and O are preferably, for convenience, arranged alongside each other, and are respectively driven by gearwheels P Q, mounted on a main driveshaft, R,- and geared respectively to pinions S Ton the shafts of the two blowers,as shown in Fig. 1.

The op'eration of the apparatus is as follows U, (see Fig. 1,) held in an. oil-cup, V, introduced through the lower part of the furnace and supplied with oil from the oil-receptacle L. The burning of the vaporized Vhydrocarbon produces a most violent combustion and 4intense heat in the chamber B, and the fresh external atmospheric air rushing iu through the perforations b becomes decomposed, its oxygen operating to increase the combustion,

, ferred.

while its liberated nitrogen passes out with the remaining volatile products ot' combustion- .viz., carbureted hydrogen .and carbonio oxideinto the second combustion-chamber,

C, where, meeting with the atmospheric airr entering through the perforations e, said air in turn becomes decomposed, its oxygen assisting to increase'the combustion, and its nitrogen, uniting with that previously disengaged, passing up in a `volume, mixed with a small quantity ot' carbonio oxide, through the perforated wall or partition F into the third combustion -chainbelg D, from whence it is drawn by blower Jinto pipe H, through cooler I and blower J, and forced out through exitpipe K to the lire, to be extinguished, or to suitable storing-tanks tor future use.

The apparatus herein described" with slight adaptation' can be made to serve the purposes of a tire-extinguisher for use on ships, or as a portable contrivance that can be transported from place to place like an ordinary tire-engine.

I do not intend to limit myself to the use of hydrocarbon oils, as anyother suitable liquid fuel might be employed with good effect.

Instead of cooling the extinguishing-gases by passing them 'through tubes arranged in a water-tank, as herein described, any other m odeotcooling said gases maybe resorted to, it' pre*- Having thus described my invention, I claim' I LS DENV- 1. In an apparatus for producing dre-extinguishing gases, the combination ot' a combustion-chamber, means for vap'orizing or atomizing hydrocarbon oil or other liquid fuel in saidchamber, and means for drawing od the gases and volatile products of combustion from said chamber,- substantially as described.

2. In an apparatus for producing tire-extinguishing gases, the combination of a combustion-chamber, a series of oil-tubes arranged therein, a series of air-pipes co-operating with said oil-tubes, means for forcigg air through said air-pipes to atomize or vaporize the oil supplied by the oil-`tubes, and means for drawing oiI" the gases and volatile products of combustion, substantially asv described.

3. In anapparatus for producing ire-extin guishing gases, the-combination ot' a combus tion-'chamber having openings for the admission of external atmospheric air, a series of oil-tubes arranged therein, a series ot' air-pi pes cooperating with said oil-tubes, meansfor forcing air through said air-pipes to atomize or vaporize the oil supplied by the oil-tubes, and means for drawing off the gases and volatile products of combustion, substantially as described.

' 4.,'In an apparatus for producing tire-extinguishing gases, the-combination ofa combustion-chamber, a series of oil-tubes arranged therein, a series of air-pipes co-operatin g with the oil-tubes, means for forcing air into the airpipes to vaporize the oil supplied by the oiltubes, and a holder for carrying alighted wick or other means for tiring the Vaporized oil, substantially as described.

5. In an apparatus for producing tire-extinguishing gases, the combination of a combustion-chamber, a series of oil-tubes arranged therein,a series ot' air-pipes cooperating with the oil-tubes, means for forcing air into the'airpipetoatomize the oil supplied by the oil-tubes, a holder for carrying a flaming wick or other means for ring the vaporized oil, and means for drawing ott' the gases and volatile products of combustion, substantially as described.

6. In an apparatus for producing lire-extinguishing gases, the combination of' a combustion-chamber, a series of oil-tubes arranged therein', a series ot' air-pipes co-operating with the oil-tubes and arranged to blow currents of hydrocarbon vaporfrom the oil-tubes toward the center of the combustion-chamber, a holder carrying a lighted wick or other means for tir'- ing the Vvaporized oil, located in the center ot the combustion-chamber, and means for drawing off the gases or volatile products of conrbustion.

7. The combination, with the lower chamber ot' the furnace, of the oil-tubes arranged therein, the oil-receptacle below said chamber, and the holder having a wick supplied from the oil-receptacle, substantially as described.

8. The combination, in the furnace, of the lower chamber, D, containing the means -for atomizing and ring hydrocarbon oil, and provided with apertures for the introduction of atmospheric air, with the second chamberalso perforated for the admission of air, the perforated Wall between the second and third chambers, and the third chamber, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the furnace constructed as described, ot' the air-forcing fanblower, its air-pipes, the oil-tubes and their supplying means, and the suction fan-blower for drawing off the deoxygenated air from the furnace', and' the cooler for cooling the deoxygena'ted air, substantially as described.

CHARLES LYMAN GARFIELD.

Witnesses:

RUSSELL C. CASE, H. W. GARFIELD.

IOO

IOS 

